The Ancient Mediterranean

PrefacePart One: The Mediterranean in Early Times1. The Mediterranean and its BeginningsThe Mediterranean and its lands; the earliest Mediterranean people; westwards to Israel and the Jordan Valley; south-eastern Asia Minor and the lower Orontes; earliest Cyprus, Crete, and Greece; first links with the Euphrates and Tigris2. EgyptThe delta of the Nile; the first Mediterranean nation; the Old Kingdom; the first Mediterranean empire3. The Easternmost MediterraneanLebanon, Syria, and Israel; between Egypt and Mesopotamia; between Egypt and Asia Minor4. The Straits and the AegeanTroy; Crete; the Mycenaeans5. The Expansion of Israel, Phoenicia and CarthagePhilistines and Hebrews; Syria and Phoenicia; Carthage and the westPart Two: The Greeks6. The Homerica AgeThe revival of Greece; the early Ionians; the sea7. Greek Civilisation Enriched and DiffusedHesiod and eastern ports; from Phrygia to Corinth; Greek art and the east; colonies in the west; Ionia and eastern colonies8. Athens and AlexandriaGreek crops adn natural beauties; the zenith of Athens; the Athenian way of life; Philip, Alexander and Alexandria; Syria and the Aegean after AlexanderPart Three: The Romans9. The Etruscans and the Beginnings of RomeThe Etruscans; the expansion of Etruscan power10. The Republic Unites the MediterraneanThe unification of Italy; the cultivation of Italy; victory over Carthage; the conquest of the Mediterranean completed; the arts of the Republic11. The Imperial SeaImperial culture and landscape; round the Roman Mediterranean; Mare nostrum; from Rome to ConstantinopleAppendix: Mediterranean Places and PeopleReferencesNotesFurther readingMapsIndex